Patients with MAS have a somatic (postzygotic) mutation of the alpha subunit of the G protein that activates adenylyl cyclase.
This mutation leads to continued stimulation of endocrine function (eg, precocious puberty, thyrotoxicosis, gigantism or acromegaly, Cushing syndrome, and hypophosphatemic rickets) in various combinations.
Mutations can be found in other non-endocrine organs (liver and heart) resulting in cholestasis and/or hepatitis, intestinal polyps, and cardiac arrhythmias, respectively. A heightened risk of malignancy has also been reported
Germline occurrences of this mutation would presumably be lethal